Pathophysiology of Cerebellar Infarctions - Oren Zarif - Cerebellar Stroke

Cerebellar infarctions are small cavitations of the brain that are often asymptomatic or chronic in nature. They have been termed end-territorial infarctions and are associated with markers of atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease. Cerebellar infarctions may have multiple causes and may be classified based on their location and topography. This article will discuss the pathophysiology of cerebellar infarctions.

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The most important thing to do in the immediate aftermath of a cerebellar stroke is to stabilize the patient. In the initial period after the stroke, the patient should be admitted to the neurologic intensive care unit (NICU). Hematoma and cerebellar infarcted tissue should be evacuated and the patient should be closely monitored by a neurologic physician. The patient may need long-term care after the stroke and may need to have surgery to relieve hydrocephalus.

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Cerebellar stroke affects the part of the brain that controls movement, balance, eye movements, and reasoning. It is located at the back of the brain. It is symmetric, with left and right sides, and controls the movement of the corresponding side of the body. The cerebellum is small, but is supplied with several blood vessels. Cerebellar stroke usually affects only one side of the brain, but may also affect other areas of the brain.

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Physical therapy is also essential in helping a patient recover mobility. The physical therapist will help patients gain the basic skills that will enable them to engage in daily life. Occupational therapy exercises will include strengthening and stretching muscles and improving balance. A speech-language pathologist will be able to evaluate the patient's needs and design an exercise regimen tailored to their needs. Cognitive training may improve executive functions and memory. There are apps available that address these needs.

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When a person suffers from a cerebellar stroke, symptoms are often nonspecific and can be difficult to identify. They depend on the location and extent of the lesion. Cerebellar lesions require a comprehensive history and neurological exam to determine the correct course of treatment. For some patients, diagnosis may be difficult or even impossible. If you have any of these symptoms, don't delay treatment! You may end up enduring permanent impairment and damage to your life.

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While cerebellar stroke accounts for less than 2% of all strokes, those that go undiagnosed have a mortality rate of 40% and half suffer long-term disabilities. Cerebellar stroke symptoms include headache, nausea, ataxia, and dizziness. Patients with cerebellar infarction may also develop hydrocephalus or brainstem compression. The sooner a patient is diagnosed, the better. In addition to the medical management, the clinical signs also affect the outcome of the patient.

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Cerebellar stroke symptoms often start abruptly. They may occur after a stroke and can be caused by an underlying problem such as hypoglycemia. Other causes can result in symptoms of coma, such as a mass in the posterior fossa or an infarct in the brainstem. While a cerebellar stroke can be treated with a specialized neurosurgical procedure, patients with this condition should avoid surgery unless other symptoms become severe.

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Patients with post-stroke depression, anxiety, and apathy may be associated with the presence of a cerebellar infarct. These symptoms impair the functional outcome of stroke patients and affect their quality of life. Although the cerebellum is not directly involved in these disorders, the role of cerebellum in mood regulation has been overlooked. Advances in brain MRI can help diagnose the condition and determine its cause. The earliest diagnosis is possible, so contact research staff if you're interested.

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Symptoms of cerebellar infarction can mimic those of hemorrhage or aortic dissection. A diagnosis of cerebellar infarction requires a high index of suspicion and prompt treatment. If the infarct is large, the patient may develop hydrocephalus, depressed consciousness, irregular breathing, and even a coma. In severe cases, surgical evacuation may be necessary. This procedure is extremely rare and may be lifesaving.

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One such patient, 47-year-old man with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus, developed the following symptoms: vertigo, nausea, poor balance, and right hemi-numbness. These symptoms persisted for ten days, and then gradually worsened. The patient eventually recovered, except for the clumsiness of his right hand. He was diagnosed with a cerebellar infarct.

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The anterior lobe is separated from the posterior lobe by the primary fissure. The posterior superior fissure runs parallel to it. Both lobes of the cerebellum are covered with small perforating arteries. The anterior superior fissure, SCA, and PICA all supply the cerebellum. The posterior inferior lobe is surrounded by the cerebellar folia. The three lobes are separated by the middle line.