Symptoms of a Thalamic Stroke - Oren Zarif - Thalamic Stroke

The thalamus is a region of the brain that relays sensory and motor information to the cerebral cortex. Damage to this area of the brain can result in neuropsychological disturbances. Symptoms of a thalamic stroke can occur in many ways, depending on the time of involvement. An early involvement may manifest as decreased consciousness, agitation, or aggression. Another symptom is decreased responsiveness. While the exact cause of a thalamic stroke is not yet known, it is important to seek medical attention right away.

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In addition to assessing the recollection and familiarity of stroke patients, this research also examined the effects of medial thalamic lesions on this function. The authors compared 12 patients who had suffered a left-hemisphere stroke to twenty-five controls in three experiments. Each experiment measured recollection and familiarity. The lesion locations were recorded for each patient. This study challenged the dual-process thalamic model of Aggleton, which proposes that damage to the MTT would impair familiarity.

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In a recent case study, a 77-year-old male with no prior history of stroke or myocardial infarction presented with diminished responsiveness. His initial brain imaging results were negative. Subsequent MRI revealed bilateral thalami ischemic stroke. The patient's condition was further evaluated after he was discharged from the hospital. This case provides an excellent example of a thalamic stroke.

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Another case study examined a patient with a thalamic infarct. This patient's case shows a paramedian artery as the arteries supplying the ventromedial part of the VL. Other vascular structures within the paramedian artery supply the dorsomedial thalamus, as well as the centromedian nucleus. In a recent study by Carreara et al., a new artery was identified as the root of the variant anteromedian arteries. This could explain the predominance of microangiopathic etiology of this type of stroke.

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Aside from the central nervous system, the thalamus is also involved in movement disorders. A significant proportion of cases of thalamic stroke are involving the ventroposterior thalamus. Other areas of the brain that may be involved include the inferolateral and posterolateral thalamic regions. There were a total of 38 patients with unilateral ITS. Most patients with an ITS were left-sided. In addition, 85% of patients had involvement of the anteromedian and anterior thalamus.

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In addition to asymmetrical distribution, the thalamic lesion in the anterior lobe may lead to neurological impairments, including impaired arousal, decreased level of consciousness, and agitation. Patients with thalamic stroke may display other symptoms, including aggression and apathy. As with many types of stroke, diagnosis is based on neuroimaging data. The results of neuroimaging studies can identify areas or nuclei in the thalamus, and help to determine the specific nature of the brain's structure.

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The thalamus is a complex part of the brain. It is only about the size of a walnut and is found deep in the brain. The brain tissue in the thalamus is responsible for relaying 98% of sensory input. As a result, a thalamic stroke can cause a wide range of symptoms, including numbness, tingling, and difficulty with memory and attention.

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A CT scan, which combines X-rays and computer images, can show the affected area. MRI, which uses strong magnets and radio waves to produce images of the inside of the body, can provide detailed pictures of the brain. Treatment is centered on compensating for the limitations in one's abilities. A full recovery can take weeks or even months, and many survivors experience lasting effects. A home therapy program can be essential for recovery.

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Patients with unilateral ITS are not generally subjected to neurocognitive assessment tests. In addition to MRI and CT data, stroke units report the location of individual lesions by interdisciplinary agreement. Two neuroradiologists with considerable experience in the diagnosis and treatment of stroke patients are asked to assign individual lesion locations to thalamic vascular territories. A third specialist is consulted if a patient's neurocognitive findings are incongruent.

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The resulting neuropsychological deficits of patients with a thalamic stroke include decreased verbal output, impaired comprehension, and dysphonic speech. Left thalamic lesions can also cause cognitive impairments such as aphasia. Patients with left thalamic lesions often have difficulty with language and may exhibit atypical personality. While the symptoms of a thalamic stroke differ according to the area affected, some of the most common signs are a fluctuating level of consciousness, lack of insight and spontaneity, impaired new learning, and impaired memory.

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More left hemispheric patients are admitted to hospitals than right hemispheric patients. This may be attributed to selection bias because left hemispheric symptoms are easier to identify and subsequently more often referred to hospital emergency rooms. Because left hemispheric symptoms are easier to identify and report, a thalamic stroke is likely to be missed. A better understanding of the symptomatology and diagnosis of this type of stroke may result in increased hospital admissions for the condition.